Primary consumption and GDP

  • Decrease in primary consumption in 2022 (-4.8%) despite an increase in GDP (+3.4%).
  •  Stagnation of primary consumption between 2014 and 2019, although GDP increased by 2.2%/year. Downward trend in primary consumption since 2019 (-2.4%/year), despite GDP rising (+1.1%/year).
  • This follows a decrease of 1.5%/year between 2007 and 2014.
  • Regular and rapid decrease in primary energy intensity since 2007 (-2.1%/year)

Primary consumption (normal climate) and GDP trends in the EU

Annual growth rate of primary consumption (normal climate) and GDP trends (EU)

  • Declining trend in primary consumption (at normal climate) in most countries since 2010: between -1% and -2% per year in 11 Member States and less than -2%/year in Luxembourg and Greece.

Primary consumption (normal climate) and GDP trends (2010-2022)